Anthocyanin Pigments of Buckwheat Hypocotyls
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Anthocyanin Formation in Excised Segments of Buckwheat-Seedling Hypocotyls.
Recent studies of anthocyanin formation have involved the use of a varied assortment of plant systems: seedlings, leaves, fruits, petals, callus cultures, and Lemnaceous flowering plants (2,9). Each of these kinds of material possesses certain advantages and certain disadvantages. In the dark-grown buckwheat seedling anthocyanin synthesis can be induced in the hypocotyl by exposure of that orga...
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The phosphonic analogue of L-phenylalanine, (/?)-(l-am ino-2-phenylethyl)phosphonic acid (A P E P ), inhibits buckwheat phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) com petitively with a K t value o f 1.5 |iM. The K, value for the (S)-enantiomer is 11.6 jj,M. The corresponding values for the enantiom ers of the phosphonous analogue are 35 and 205 |u.m , respectively. APEP inhibits the light-induced synthe...
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The nonselective herbicide glyphosate (n-[phosphonomethyl]glycine) inhibited the light-induced accumulation of phenylpropanoid substances (chlorogenic acid, procyanidin, rutin, anthocyanin) in etiolated buckwheat hypocotyls 90% at 1 millimolar. Structurally related compounds, such as n,n-bis[phosphonomethyl]glycine, aminomethylphosphonate, methylglycine, and iminodiacetate, had little or no inh...
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Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase, L-ar-Aminooxy-/?-phenylpropionic Acid, Aromatic Amino Acids, Shikimic Acid, Fagopyrum esculentum L-a-Aminooxy-/?-phenylpropionic acid (AOPP), a potent competitive inhibitor of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), blocked light-induced phenylpropanoid synthesis in excised buckwheat hypocotyls and produced an up to 40-fold increase in the endogenous phenylalanine concen...
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Anthocyanin pigments play many roles in plants, including providing protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Many of the genes that mediate anthocyanin accumulation have been identified through studies of flowers and fruits; however, the mechanisms of genes involved in anthocyanin regulation in seedlings under low-temperature stimulus are less well understood. Genetic characterization of...
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